Windows Server 2003

Windows Server 2003 is a version of Microsoft Windows operating system intended for corporate server market. Tax is the internal version of Microsoft Windows NT 5.2, build 3790. Formerly known by. NET Server, Windows. NET Server, or Whistler Server. This operating system is a continuation of the system of Windows 2000 Server.
History of Development

Windows Server 2003 has the code name Whistler Server commenced at the end of 2000. Objectives of this is Microsoft trying to create a platform. NET, to provide network infrastructure that formed from the Windows Server and Windows Workstation. The project was very ambitious, because Microsoft intends to develop two operating systems simultaneously in (Whistler Whistler Server and Workstation). Finally, several times the operating system is delayed the launch, because of the tight schedule, and only Whistler workstation operating systems are released next year with the product name of Windows XP, which is intended for the home consumer and corporate.

Edition

Windows Server 2003 consists of several different product, namely, as follows:

* Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition
* Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition
* Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition
* Windows Server 2003 Web Edition
* Windows Small Business Server 2003
* Windows Storage Server 2003

Standard Edition

Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition is a version of Windows Server 2003 that is really "basic", with features that are generally required by a server to the client-serve clients in the network. This edition was published to replace the Windows 2000 Server and Windows NT 4.0 Server, which has long transverse cross.

Features diusung by Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition is as follows:

* Features a standard server: file service, print service, or application server that can be installed (such as Microsoft Exchange Server, SQL Server, or other applications).
* Domain Controller server.
* PKI (public key infrastructure) server.
* Domain Name System (DNS).
* Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
* Windows Internet Name Service (wins).
* Windows Terminal Services, although less than ideal to be implemented in a network of large-scale adoption of the processor and memory limitation.
* Encourage the sharing of the burden of the network, although it can not be used as a cluster.

With the features of Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition clearly intended as a foundation for the Windows platform based network to network environment to scale down the middle, or as a server that is intended to support other servers in the network is greater. Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition supports up to four physical processors (logical processor in the Intel Hyperthreading will be considered as one physical processor) and supports up to 4 Gigabyte of RAM, and can put address 4 terabyte hard disk.

Enterprise Edition

Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition is a version of Windows Server memiliku all the features offered by Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition, plus features that increase reliability and scalability-service services. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition is intended to replace Windows 2000 Advanced Server and Windows NT 4.0 Enterprise Server, which has long been outstanding. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition double the support of the processor when compared with Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition, from 4 to 8 processors at once. In addition, Enterprise Edition also supports 64-bit processors, such as IA-64 and x64.

Enterprise Edition has the following features:

* Address Windowing Extension (AWE), which allows operating systems to mereservasikan only 1 GB of physical memory to be used by Windows, allowing applications that use the remaining 3 GB memory (in x86 system, which only supports 4 GB memory).
* Hot-Memory, which allows the addition of memory when the system is running (though only the systems that support specific)
* Non-uniform memory access (NUMA), which allows Windows to access the bus-bus memory as a different unit of the same memory, so allowing eight fruit x86 processor that supports only supports up to 4 GB memory 32 GB (4 GB for each prosesornya) .
* Clustering Technology, which allows multiple servers (up to four nodes) is seen as a server by the client to the performance or reliability.
* Terminal Server Session Directory, which allows clients to connect back to a system of terminal services are supported by servers that run terminal services. For example, in an environment with eight servers that run the terminal services, if one server failed, the client will automatically make a connection back to the rest of the server (7) other (which is still running and has a slot client).

Datacenter Edition

Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition is the edition of Windows Server 2003 different from the other two versions, which have been mentioned. This edition can not be obtained in the retail, and must be obtained as part of the combination of server hardware from a vendor, such as Hewlett-Packard or Dell. The reason why this is applied to ensure that the system can run with a perfect (with hardware that has been determined by the manufacturers and drivers that have been required to make the system more stable). Generally, before sold to consumers, manufacturers will conduct testing prior to the server concerned. The aim is to make the system uptime survive 99999%, so in one year only 9 hours of downtime experienced only.

The program included in Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition focuses on the reliability of the operating system. Microsoft to make some requirements for which you want to use OEM edition of Windows Server 2003 is, namely, as follows:

* All hardware is included in the server must meet the standard Microsoft and escape from the test matches several times (compatibility), reliability (reliability). This applies to all hardware, from the processor, network cards, hard disk drives, and other vital components.
* All hardware drivers must be certified by Microsoft. Of course, drivers must pass the test, which may spend more than one month
* Users can not change the heart, as the server hardware, without the authorities (customer and vendor support from the server or Microsoft). All changes must pass the test mentioned above.

This edition supports up to 32 processors of fruits (32-way SMP) and up to 64 GB memory in the system and supports the x86 machines that are configured in a 128-way partition with the individual. In the IA-64 systems, this edition supports up to 64 fruit processor and memory up to 512 Gigabyte. In addition, this edition supports clustering up to eight nodes and fruit division of the burden of network features as standard, and have Windows System Resource Manager that is able to do consolidation and management system.

Web Edition

Windows Server 2003 Web Edition is the edition of Windows Server 2003 that is intended specifically as a web server, which interpret some web applications, web pages, and XML-based web services. Windows Server 2003 Web Edition is designed in such a way, using the Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 as infrastukturnya and using technology to handle ASP.NET-based XML web services and other web applications.

Modern web server is currently not generally made from a machine with multiple processors or a large amount of memory. But, generally formed from several computer CPU with 1 or 2 CPUs with sufficient RAM. In this case, if an organization want to use Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition, it will be too expensive (in some cases, it is the operating system that is more expensive than hardware), so that some organizations are turning to open-source solutions like Linux or Apache ( that can run on Windows or Linux) to use the IIS, which only provided by Windows Server expensive. As a response from this case, Microsoft also released Windows Server 2003 Web Edition. For the price, of course, there are sacrificed: Windows Server 2003 Web Edition service that many have discarded, including the atanranya Routing and Remote Access, Terminal Services, Remote Installation Service (RIS), Service for Macintosh, and penaungan against Active Directory (not can be configured as a domain controller, although it can dikoneksikan to an Active Directory domain).

Windows Small Business Server 2003

Windows Small Business Server 2003, or often referred to as the Windows SBS, is an edition of Windows Server 2003, which aimed to market a small network. The price is also cheaper compared with some other editions, although many who sacrificed, the technology network that supported, the type of license, device development, and application redundancy. A Windows Small Business Server 2003 only supports up to 75 users only.

Windows SBS is designed in such a way with features that Microsoft consider needed by small-scale network, which will be implemented on their first server. Its default installation, Windows SBS will install Active Directory, a portal site Office, and Exchange Server. In addition, this edition also offers a configuration that is more easily manage the firewall in the basic DHCP and NAT router with two network cards. Interface management system for the network easier to use than other editions of Windows Server by the administrator even though the new.

SBS also released the other version, called sebagau Windows Small Business Server 2003 Premium Edition includes all the features in Windows Small Business Server 2003 Standard Edition, plus SQL Server 2000 and ISA Server 2000.

Windows Small Business Server 2003 has some limitations, namely, as follows:

* Only one computer in a domain that can run Windows Small Business Server 2003.
* Windows Small Business Server 2003 must be at the root of a forest Active Directory.
* Windows Small Business Server 2003 can not receive the trust of other domains.
* Windows Small Business Server 2003 only supports 75 users.
* Windows Small Business Server 2003 does not support the domain of children.
* Windows Small Business Server 2003 only supports terminal services in remote administration mode.
* Each additional server must have Windows Small Business Server 2003 Client Access License (Cal), which can be configured for each user or each device.

Storage Server

Windows Storage Server 2003 is an edition of Windows Server 2003 dedicated service to share files and printer sharing tools. Same such as Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition, this edition also can not be obtained in retail. Generally, this edition can be obtained through the OEM device in the Network attached Storage (nat). Differences from the Windows Server system that provides other services to share files and printers is a tool that Storage Server 2003 does not require Client Access License (Cal)

source: id.wikipedia.com