DOS (Disk operating system)
DOS (Disk Operating System) is one of the single-user operating system and single process that does not have a graphical display. In the early development of the IBM PC, this is SO tedapat inside, if not SO this can also be run through the media booting from a diskette.
A popular operating system for this type of MS-DOS, because besides the small capacity of the commands that are used relatively easier when compared with other DOS system.
MS-DOS was made by a company computer manufacturer, called Seattle Computer Products (SCP) in 1980 as a software operating system with the name of Q-DOS (short for Quick and Dirty Operating System), which was renamed the 86 -- DOS, because the Q-DOS can be designed to run on computers with Intel processors 8086. Microsoft also licensed perfect purchase price of 50,000 U.S. dollars from the SCP, and then change the name to MS-DOS. Furthermore, while IBM would launch a personal computer called the IBM PC, Microsoft also licensed to sell MS-DOS to IBM.
IBM and Microsoft released the next version of DOS-version, where a version of IBM dibundel directly with the IBM PC called "IBM PC-DOS" (abbreviation of International Business Machine Personal Computer Disk Operating System). Initially, IBM only use what is feasible to use from MS-DOS released by Microsoft, such as programs or utilities that disertakannya. Therefore, IBM's version is always slower than the released version of MS-DOS. But, MS-DOS version 4.0 is MS-DOS version of the first truly the same as the IBM PC-DOS, because Microsoft is berkonsenstrasi to develop a successor DOS operating system, called OS / 2.
Microsoft, when the license DOS to IBM, signed a license agreement which contains one of poinnya that Microsoft may license MS-DOS to the company other than IBM, and the companies are changing the name of MS-DOS became the name that they use (for example: TandyDOS, Compaq DOS , And others). Most versions of the same version that was developed by Microsoft MS-DOS with it, but Microsoft began to revoke the license agreement so that other companies must use the name MS-DOS, not a name that has previously dikustomisasi. Only IBM provided flexibility to continue using the name of the IBM PC-DOS, not MS-DOS.
MS-DOS is developing quite rapidly, with significant features taken from several other operating systems such as Microsoft Xenix; one of the variants of the UNIX operating system developed by Microsoft and DR-DOS owned by Digital Research, and products such as the other cyfleuster Norton Utilities from Symantec Corporation (adopted products such as Microsoft Disk Defragmenter), PC Tools, from Central Points (adopted products such as Microsoft's Anti-Virus), expanded memory manager or EMM (Expanded Memory Manager) QEMM from Quarterdeck (adopted as the product EMM386), compressed disk (or disk compression) DriveSpace from Stac Electronics, and many other products are adopted.
When the Intel Corporation to introduce a new microprocessor called the Intel 80286, Microsoft and IBM started the project a new operating system called DOS replacement with OS / 2, which essentially is a version of MS-DOS running in Protected mode (protected mode). However, Microsoft left the project OS / 2 is to focus on the development of Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Windows NT. Digital Research to create a graphical interface called GEM, but is less popular in the IBM PC or compatible. GEM market appeared to get the engine computer Atari ST, but eventually disalip again by Microsoft with a version of Windows 3.0.
WINDOWS
Windows Operating System developed by the Stardust, William Henry Gates III (born on 28 October 1955), he is known by the name of Bill Gates, together with his friend Paul Allen (they currently serves as Director and Chairman of the Creator Software for Microsoft). According to Forbes magazine, Bill Gates is the richest person in the world at this time.
Microsoft Corporation was founded in 1975, its headquarters in Redmond, Washington, USA, is the largest software companies in the world (with more than 50,000 employees in various countries, to May 2004).
Microsoft to develop, make, license and support a variety of software products for various computer equipment. The most popular products is the Microsoft Windows operating system, which has been ubiquitous in the desktop computer market.
Microsoft sells a variety of software products. Many of these products are developed internally, for example, Microsoft Basic. Some of the products purchased and re dimerek for distribution by Microsoft, including Microsoft Project, a program management project Visio, a program pentabelan, DoubleSpace, Virtual PC, purchased from Connectix, and even MS-DOS, which became the initial success of Microsoft software that is purchased from other companies .
Seven major Microsoft business units are:
• Windows Client (to manage the client, server and operating system called Windows)
• Information Worker (office software products to manage)
• Microsoft Business Solutions (business services and manage the application process)
• Server and Tools (to manage the development of the device and the server software that is integrated)
• Mobile and Embedded Devices (palmtop and manage phone services)
• MSN (managing web-based services)
• Home and Entertainment (hardware and software to manage customer)
There is also the Macintosh Business Unit, which makes Microsoft's Macintosh software developers to be the largest company outside of Apple itself.
Windows Operating System
Some versions of the Windows operating system that is released are:
• Based DOS (FAT 16 and FAT 32)
o 1985 November - Windows 1.0
o 1987 Dec. 9 - Windows 2.0
o 1990 May 22 - Windows 3.0
o 1992 August - Windows 3.1
o 1992 October - Windows for Workgroups 3.1
o 1993 November - Windows for Workgroups 3:11
o 1995 24 August - Windows 95 (Version: 4.00.950)
o 1998 June 25 - Windows 98 (Version: 4.1.1998)
o 1999 May 5 - Windows 98 Second Edition (Version: 4.1.2222)
o 2000 19 June - Windows Millennium Edition (Me) (Version: 4.9.3000)
• Based NT Kernel (NTFS)
o 1993 August - Windows NT 3.1
o 1994 September - Windows NT 3.5
o 1995 June - Windows NT 3:51
o 1996 July 29 - Windows NT 4.0
o 2000 Feb 17 - Windows 2000 (Version: NT 5.0.2195)
o 2002 - Windows XP (Windows experience)
• Based WinFS
• 2006 - Windows Vista with the codename "see".
• 2010 - 2012 - Windows "Blackcomb."
History of Technology and the Windows Desktop Products
Until 1990, many PC users use Microsoft Windows 3.0, Windows versions of popular widely used / tried many PC users. Actual Microsoft Windows products have been issued seven years before the first version in 1985. Windows 1.0 operating system on new windows that can di'ubin'kan and the GUI (graphical interface).
1985: Windows 1.0
Version of Windows that provides the software with the new environment to develop and run applications that use the mouse and display bitmap (bookmark tool). Before the existence of Windows, PC users lean on MS DOS all the instructions to the computer must diketikkan through the keyboard. With Windows, users simply slide the mouse to shift-lived point and click to run a command / start an application. In addition, Windows users can flit among the few programs that road in unison. Windows includes a set of desktop applications, MS-DOS file management program, calendar, card file, notepad, calculator, clock, and telecommunications programs, which are useful for the user to set the set the day-to-day activities.
Package Contents: MS-DOS Executive, Calendar, Cardfile, Notepad, Terminal, Calculator, Clock, Reversi, Control Panel, PIF (Program Information File) Editor, Print Spooler, clipboard, RAMDrive, Windows Write, Windows Paint.
1987: Windows 2.0
Increased processing speed (with the Intel 286 processor), expanded memory, and communication skills between applications with DDE. Support graphical display can be improved so that each jendela2 pile, use a combination of keys on the keyboard to explore all of the Windows operating more quickly. Many software developers begin to write applications that 'the road in the windows' (Windows-based).
1988: Windows 2:03
Memanfatkan ability / the 'protected mode' and 'extended memory,' which was brought by the Intel 386 processor. The next release of Windows still improve the speed, reliability and utility.
1990: Windows 3.0
Release of the third: from the Microsoft Windows platform offers increased performance, with 16 color graphics, and the full support of the Intel 386 processor. This helped the popularity of Windows 3.0 are the features that are useful: Program Manager, File Manager, and Print Manager, the icon - the icon that improved.
1993: 3:11 For Windows Workgroups
Added peer-to-peer networking WorkGroup and support local (LAN).
Windows-based PC's network-aware '. Windows for Workgroups used in the LAN also stand on the PC and laptop. This is certainly attracting users [company / companies], especially the security of the centralized, ditingkatkannya support for Novell NetWare network, and RAS (remote access service).
1993: Windows NT 3.1
May be to maintain consistency with Windows 3.1, Windows NT also be given a new name 3.1. Differences in the light with Windows 3.1, Windows NT 3.1 operating systems are 32-bit and leaders to menghandel client / server, with the NTFS file system.
1993: Windows NT Workstation 3.5
Continuing NT 3.1 with the capability and security, and support for OpenGL, support for Netware file and Print Server. The existence of a file naming the friendly (long file name) s / d 255 characters. (previous versions of the file name = 8 3 characters). 1993: the number of licensed users windows perhaps more than 25 million.
1995: Windows 95
Replacement of three SO 'general-purpose desktop system from Windows 3.1, Windows forWorkgroups, and MS-DOS. In Windows 95 integrated 32-bit TCP / IP, built in support of the Internet, dial-up networking, and the ability Plug and Ply simplify the user in installing the hardware and software. SO 32-bit also improve the ability of multimedia features' mobile computing 'is more powerful, and networking are integrated.
Introducing the draft by using the "Start" menu to access the group's innovative program (Program Manager replacement), it introduced Windows Explorer as a replacement for File Manager, support plug-and-play, support the program 16 and 32-bit, and support for the names of files (files) that long, which supports the naming of up to 256 characters, and optional browser Microsoft Internet Explorer.
1996: Windows NT 4.0 Work-Station
Widows 95 user interface used in this OS. Networking becomes easier, security and data usage increased. October 1998, Microsoft announced Windows NT will no longer include the 'NT' and the next major version will be called Windows 2000.
1998: Windows 98
Upgrading from Windows 95, referred to as the SO "Working Better, play better,". Windows 98 is the first version of Windows specifically designed for consumers. With Windows 98, users can find information more easily from both the PC and it on the Internet. In addition, also includes the ability to open and close the application quickly, with additional support AGP, USB, enhanced PlugAndPlay, Active Desktop, and the latest version of Internet Explorer and able to read DVD.
1999: Windows 98 Second Edition
Windows 98 SE user friendly, improve compatibilitas various hardware and Internet features. The existence of the Internet Explorer 5.0 NetMeeting also DirectX 3.0, increase the Multimedia Home Networking. NAT support for the shared Internet connection, reading from a DVD, and Windows NetMeeting 3. This system is adopting a hybrid principle with the support 16/32 bit kernel, and the Windows 9x family. Windows 98 is then forwarded by Windows ME (Windows Millennium Edition).
.
1999: Windows 2000 Professional (or Windows NT5.1 built 2159)
Not only upgrading from Windows NT 4, Windows 2000 Pro is also designed to replace Windows 9x, Windows NT Workstation 4.0. Built over the code base Windows NT Workstation 4.0, which has proven handalnya, Windows 2000 Pro add increased reliability, usability, compatibilitas support of the Internet and mobile computing. In addition, Windows 2000 Pro supports a variety of hardware 'Plug and Play', including networking products and wireless (wireless), USB devices, infrared and IEEE 1394.
2000: Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Me)
Designed for home users (home computer users) to offer me a lot of music and video, home networking and increased reliability SO. There is a System Restore, Movie Maker, WAM (Windows Media Player 7, Windows Explorer, which displays the 'Thumbnail' Windows Me is SO last version of Win95-based codebase. Microsoft announced that all SO-based products will be the kernel of Windows NT and Windows 2000.
2001: Windows XP
With Windows XP (October 2001) type two SO (Bussiness and consumers) become one, with the code base of Windows 2000. "XP" short of "experience," symbolizing the innovative experiences that can be presented by Windows to PC users. With Windows XP, home users (home users) can work while enjoying music, movies, messaging and photos on the computer, while business users can work more easy and fast, accurate, owing to the stone technology: technical-support.
2001: Windows XP Professional
Windows XP Professional experience solid foundation of the property to the Windows 2000 desktop PC, which is an increase of Reliability (reliability), security (security), and performance (performance). With visual design Anyar and fresh, bringing the Windows XP Professional features: 'advanced business and home computing, including remote desktop support, encrypting file system, and system restore and advanced networking features. The increase for mobile users, including: 802.1x wireless networking support, Windows Messenger, and Remote Assistance.
2001: Windows XP Home Edition
Features often more readily accessible.: Network Setup Wizard, Windows Media Player, Windows Movie Maker, and the increase in digital photo processing.
2001: Windows XP 64-Bit Edition
Client SO 64-bit and the first from Microsoft, to satisfy the Power Users that use Intel's Itanium processor 64-bit, is designed specifically for users of workstations that use large memory and floating point, among other areas for movie special effects, 3D animation, engineering, and scientific applications.
2002: Windows XP Media Center Edition
Released for 'computing and home entertainment'. With all the benefits of Windows XP Professional, Media Center Edition offers the option digital media and entertainment, which memingkinkan home users browsing the Internet, enjoy a live TV broadcast, berkmunikasi with friends and family, enjoy a collection of digital music and digital videos, play DVDs, work from home .
Windows CE was not discussed here. Maybe only need to be said that Windows CE is SO for the handheld computer (Palm top) and PDAs.
You can upgrade from Windows 2000/XP Professional operating system:
Windows 3:11 ► Windows 98
► Windows 95 Windows NT Workstation 3:51
OS / 2 ► Windows NT 4 Workstation
Windows from the latest Windows 2000 generally consists of 4 products that can work together or separately, such as:
Windows Professional
Windows Server
Windows Advanced Server
Windows Data Center
Each product is used for the interests and circumstances.
Windows Server
Server computers generally have a more powerful processor, more memory, more cache and higher capacity hard drive of a personal computer used as a workstation. Windows Server is a software engine that is used for network servers. Windows 2000/XP Server is the successor of Windows NT Server 4 and designed to be easier to use, installed and treatment, but usually requires a more sophisticated computer and new from the server 4. You can use Windows Server for various needs ranging from small home network to network, which has hundreds of users.
Featured in the new Windows 2000 Server, including:
User account management and system that has terupgrade.
Active Directory
Internet and intranet support
Stability operations
Processing power
Internal security
Karberos authentification
Support the maximum 4 processor
Windows Advanced Server
Windows Advanced Server software that is used to perusaha an application that uses a large database and online transaction processing (for example, the airline reservation system, banks and oil companies).
Advanced Server has the expansion of Windows Server, such as:
Support the maximum 8 processor
64 GB memory address space for applications
High availability clustering (that is, two servers can join in the safe configuration file to minimize the down time)
Windows Server Data Center
Windows Data Center is the server software that provides the maximum ability for companies operating Internet and intranet in a large scale. Supporting a maximum of 32 processor.
Feature
Windows 2000 adds some new features, namely:
1. The new Active Directory
2. Image Preview
3. The new Explorer browser
4. Support for DirectX
5. Windows Media Player 6.4
6. Dynamic Plug and Play without restarting
7. Dynamic hardware drivers
Version Windows 2000 is divided into several versions, namely:
• Professional to replace Windows NT Workstation
• Server to replace Windows NT Server
• Advanced Server
• Datacenter Server.
Windows 2003 Server is the development of Windows 2000 Server.
Version that will come
• 2006 - Windows Vista with the codename "see".
• 2010 - 2012 - Windows "Blackcomb."
Windows Vista
Windows Vista (code name: Windows to see) is the new Microsoft operating system that is really new. There are some features that Microsoft is diunggulkan interface with the new name of "Avalon" and a new file system called winFS.
Microsoft launched Vista early 2006. Microsoft says that this system is a system of respite with various other interesting features. Microsoft reinforce concepts and new technology that has been prepared for the future generation of Windows on the windows "to see." When this new version of Windows is already entering the market, and before the developers of Windows in the United States have been invited to sample "demo" of the new version of the application through the demo prototype shown at the conference developer of Windows (PDC) in the USA.
This new Windows can be expected to bring a new world of computing, sophisticated and easy. Innovations in technology, a sophisticated operating system is expected to be able to see the appropriate. 3D user interface, the pixel screen is much better (beresolusi higher), and support the integration of XML web service integrated into the system, the file management system that is far more sophisticated so that we can find memanajemen files and data files on the computer or with a more rapid and precise and the model of programming with the API, which is far more complete and better.
See also promises to bring more technology-rich web in which the thin client will have a capacity of close to rich clients through new technology to see from. So the weakness in the web application user interface limitations, the process of updating / communication with the server can be handled on to see through the integration of XML, Indigo and Avalon.
To see the final version is expected to become the version of Windows that is able to provide new experiences and satisfaction to the user will be an operating system that is comprehensive both in terms of appearance, stability, security and function.
Enhancements, which promised to see, among others:
1. Aero - a new User Interface: Windows will have a 3D user interface that is far better and more interesting
2. Avalon - the new system graph: graphic new technology from Microsoft that promises to display games, video and display that much better.
3. Indigo - Support to the Web Service in a more integrated: Currently, the web service has become a "bridge" for the software from different platforms, different programming languages to communicate each other and interact. Therefore, support for the web service technology will be better integrated with the Windows Operating System to see through the Indigo communications technology that promises new functions and queing the transaction.
4. WinFS - a new file system: WinFS, a new file system is NTFS and built based database technology to make all information, data from various types of files and data in the computer we can be sought and obtained the right and easily. WinFS uses index search technology that is the actual development of the technology used Yukon, successor SQLServer 2000.
5. WinFX - the new programming model: Through. NET Framework, the development of Managed Code will continue to WinFX, so the windows can be said that the future generation will have the support of the managed code better. Currently, Microsoft is also developing the API and a new model for programming to see a more complete and easier to use for the developers so that the API is expected to utilize the various advantages and benefits offered to see such as Avalon, Indigo and WinFS.
6. Palladium - better security: Through see, Microsoft promises better security in which the development will see the importance of prioritizing and security factors.
7. ClickOnce - the installation and update software easy to see the promises that the installation of desktop applications easier, safer and updating process that can be easily arranged.
6.5. Summary
Microsoft to develop, make, license and support a variety of software products for various computer equipment. The most popular products is the Microsoft Windows operating system, which has been ubiquitous in the desktop computer market.
Some versions of the Windows operating system that is built released DOS-based file system, FAT 16, FAT 32, NTFS and WinFS.
Windows Operating System distributed commercial license with the concept "the OEM and the OPL." Operating System OEM means there is when the user buy the hardware PC, laptop computer or server. Users will receive a sticker labeled I-license that direkatkan windows on the body of the computer chassis. While the license OPL is a distribution package with the windows media CD, complete with a certificate of license products and the use of the manual. Users need to install their own OS windows purchased kekomputer.
Windows 2000 Professional is the successor of Windows NT Workstation 4 with a view such as Windows 98, while the Windows XP Professional is a combination of both. You can use Windows 2000/XP Professional as a stand-alone PC, the network small or large scale in the network. The new desktop involved a more simple, Internet Explorer 5 / 6, more stringent levels of security, hardware support Plug-and-Play and the use of a simple wizard.
DOS (Disk Operating System) is one of the single-user operating system and single process that does not have a graphical display. In the early development of the IBM PC, this is SO tedapat inside, if not SO this can also be run through the media booting from a diskette.
A popular operating system for this type of MS-DOS, because besides the small capacity of the commands that are used relatively easier when compared with other DOS system.
MS-DOS was made by a company computer manufacturer, called Seattle Computer Products (SCP) in 1980 as a software operating system with the name of Q-DOS (short for Quick and Dirty Operating System), which was renamed the 86 -- DOS, because the Q-DOS can be designed to run on computers with Intel processors 8086. Microsoft also licensed perfect purchase price of 50,000 U.S. dollars from the SCP, and then change the name to MS-DOS. Furthermore, while IBM would launch a personal computer called the IBM PC, Microsoft also licensed to sell MS-DOS to IBM.
IBM and Microsoft released the next version of DOS-version, where a version of IBM dibundel directly with the IBM PC called "IBM PC-DOS" (abbreviation of International Business Machine Personal Computer Disk Operating System). Initially, IBM only use what is feasible to use from MS-DOS released by Microsoft, such as programs or utilities that disertakannya. Therefore, IBM's version is always slower than the released version of MS-DOS. But, MS-DOS version 4.0 is MS-DOS version of the first truly the same as the IBM PC-DOS, because Microsoft is berkonsenstrasi to develop a successor DOS operating system, called OS / 2.
Microsoft, when the license DOS to IBM, signed a license agreement which contains one of poinnya that Microsoft may license MS-DOS to the company other than IBM, and the companies are changing the name of MS-DOS became the name that they use (for example: TandyDOS, Compaq DOS , And others). Most versions of the same version that was developed by Microsoft MS-DOS with it, but Microsoft began to revoke the license agreement so that other companies must use the name MS-DOS, not a name that has previously dikustomisasi. Only IBM provided flexibility to continue using the name of the IBM PC-DOS, not MS-DOS.
MS-DOS is developing quite rapidly, with significant features taken from several other operating systems such as Microsoft Xenix; one of the variants of the UNIX operating system developed by Microsoft and DR-DOS owned by Digital Research, and products such as the other cyfleuster Norton Utilities from Symantec Corporation (adopted products such as Microsoft Disk Defragmenter), PC Tools, from Central Points (adopted products such as Microsoft's Anti-Virus), expanded memory manager or EMM (Expanded Memory Manager) QEMM from Quarterdeck (adopted as the product EMM386), compressed disk (or disk compression) DriveSpace from Stac Electronics, and many other products are adopted.
When the Intel Corporation to introduce a new microprocessor called the Intel 80286, Microsoft and IBM started the project a new operating system called DOS replacement with OS / 2, which essentially is a version of MS-DOS running in Protected mode (protected mode). However, Microsoft left the project OS / 2 is to focus on the development of Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Windows NT. Digital Research to create a graphical interface called GEM, but is less popular in the IBM PC or compatible. GEM market appeared to get the engine computer Atari ST, but eventually disalip again by Microsoft with a version of Windows 3.0.
WINDOWS
Windows Operating System developed by the Stardust, William Henry Gates III (born on 28 October 1955), he is known by the name of Bill Gates, together with his friend Paul Allen (they currently serves as Director and Chairman of the Creator Software for Microsoft). According to Forbes magazine, Bill Gates is the richest person in the world at this time.
Microsoft Corporation was founded in 1975, its headquarters in Redmond, Washington, USA, is the largest software companies in the world (with more than 50,000 employees in various countries, to May 2004).
Microsoft to develop, make, license and support a variety of software products for various computer equipment. The most popular products is the Microsoft Windows operating system, which has been ubiquitous in the desktop computer market.
Microsoft sells a variety of software products. Many of these products are developed internally, for example, Microsoft Basic. Some of the products purchased and re dimerek for distribution by Microsoft, including Microsoft Project, a program management project Visio, a program pentabelan, DoubleSpace, Virtual PC, purchased from Connectix, and even MS-DOS, which became the initial success of Microsoft software that is purchased from other companies .
Seven major Microsoft business units are:
• Windows Client (to manage the client, server and operating system called Windows)
• Information Worker (office software products to manage)
• Microsoft Business Solutions (business services and manage the application process)
• Server and Tools (to manage the development of the device and the server software that is integrated)
• Mobile and Embedded Devices (palmtop and manage phone services)
• MSN (managing web-based services)
• Home and Entertainment (hardware and software to manage customer)
There is also the Macintosh Business Unit, which makes Microsoft's Macintosh software developers to be the largest company outside of Apple itself.
Windows Operating System
Some versions of the Windows operating system that is released are:
• Based DOS (FAT 16 and FAT 32)
o 1985 November - Windows 1.0
o 1987 Dec. 9 - Windows 2.0
o 1990 May 22 - Windows 3.0
o 1992 August - Windows 3.1
o 1992 October - Windows for Workgroups 3.1
o 1993 November - Windows for Workgroups 3:11
o 1995 24 August - Windows 95 (Version: 4.00.950)
o 1998 June 25 - Windows 98 (Version: 4.1.1998)
o 1999 May 5 - Windows 98 Second Edition (Version: 4.1.2222)
o 2000 19 June - Windows Millennium Edition (Me) (Version: 4.9.3000)
• Based NT Kernel (NTFS)
o 1993 August - Windows NT 3.1
o 1994 September - Windows NT 3.5
o 1995 June - Windows NT 3:51
o 1996 July 29 - Windows NT 4.0
o 2000 Feb 17 - Windows 2000 (Version: NT 5.0.2195)
o 2002 - Windows XP (Windows experience)
• Based WinFS
• 2006 - Windows Vista with the codename "see".
• 2010 - 2012 - Windows "Blackcomb."
History of Technology and the Windows Desktop Products
Until 1990, many PC users use Microsoft Windows 3.0, Windows versions of popular widely used / tried many PC users. Actual Microsoft Windows products have been issued seven years before the first version in 1985. Windows 1.0 operating system on new windows that can di'ubin'kan and the GUI (graphical interface).
1985: Windows 1.0
Version of Windows that provides the software with the new environment to develop and run applications that use the mouse and display bitmap (bookmark tool). Before the existence of Windows, PC users lean on MS DOS all the instructions to the computer must diketikkan through the keyboard. With Windows, users simply slide the mouse to shift-lived point and click to run a command / start an application. In addition, Windows users can flit among the few programs that road in unison. Windows includes a set of desktop applications, MS-DOS file management program, calendar, card file, notepad, calculator, clock, and telecommunications programs, which are useful for the user to set the set the day-to-day activities.
Package Contents: MS-DOS Executive, Calendar, Cardfile, Notepad, Terminal, Calculator, Clock, Reversi, Control Panel, PIF (Program Information File) Editor, Print Spooler, clipboard, RAMDrive, Windows Write, Windows Paint.
1987: Windows 2.0
Increased processing speed (with the Intel 286 processor), expanded memory, and communication skills between applications with DDE. Support graphical display can be improved so that each jendela2 pile, use a combination of keys on the keyboard to explore all of the Windows operating more quickly. Many software developers begin to write applications that 'the road in the windows' (Windows-based).
1988: Windows 2:03
Memanfatkan ability / the 'protected mode' and 'extended memory,' which was brought by the Intel 386 processor. The next release of Windows still improve the speed, reliability and utility.
1990: Windows 3.0
Release of the third: from the Microsoft Windows platform offers increased performance, with 16 color graphics, and the full support of the Intel 386 processor. This helped the popularity of Windows 3.0 are the features that are useful: Program Manager, File Manager, and Print Manager, the icon - the icon that improved.
1993: 3:11 For Windows Workgroups
Added peer-to-peer networking WorkGroup and support local (LAN).
Windows-based PC's network-aware '. Windows for Workgroups used in the LAN also stand on the PC and laptop. This is certainly attracting users [company / companies], especially the security of the centralized, ditingkatkannya support for Novell NetWare network, and RAS (remote access service).
1993: Windows NT 3.1
May be to maintain consistency with Windows 3.1, Windows NT also be given a new name 3.1. Differences in the light with Windows 3.1, Windows NT 3.1 operating systems are 32-bit and leaders to menghandel client / server, with the NTFS file system.
1993: Windows NT Workstation 3.5
Continuing NT 3.1 with the capability and security, and support for OpenGL, support for Netware file and Print Server. The existence of a file naming the friendly (long file name) s / d 255 characters. (previous versions of the file name = 8 3 characters). 1993: the number of licensed users windows perhaps more than 25 million.
1995: Windows 95
Replacement of three SO 'general-purpose desktop system from Windows 3.1, Windows forWorkgroups, and MS-DOS. In Windows 95 integrated 32-bit TCP / IP, built in support of the Internet, dial-up networking, and the ability Plug and Ply simplify the user in installing the hardware and software. SO 32-bit also improve the ability of multimedia features' mobile computing 'is more powerful, and networking are integrated.
Introducing the draft by using the "Start" menu to access the group's innovative program (Program Manager replacement), it introduced Windows Explorer as a replacement for File Manager, support plug-and-play, support the program 16 and 32-bit, and support for the names of files (files) that long, which supports the naming of up to 256 characters, and optional browser Microsoft Internet Explorer.
1996: Windows NT 4.0 Work-Station
Widows 95 user interface used in this OS. Networking becomes easier, security and data usage increased. October 1998, Microsoft announced Windows NT will no longer include the 'NT' and the next major version will be called Windows 2000.
1998: Windows 98
Upgrading from Windows 95, referred to as the SO "Working Better, play better,". Windows 98 is the first version of Windows specifically designed for consumers. With Windows 98, users can find information more easily from both the PC and it on the Internet. In addition, also includes the ability to open and close the application quickly, with additional support AGP, USB, enhanced PlugAndPlay, Active Desktop, and the latest version of Internet Explorer and able to read DVD.
1999: Windows 98 Second Edition
Windows 98 SE user friendly, improve compatibilitas various hardware and Internet features. The existence of the Internet Explorer 5.0 NetMeeting also DirectX 3.0, increase the Multimedia Home Networking. NAT support for the shared Internet connection, reading from a DVD, and Windows NetMeeting 3. This system is adopting a hybrid principle with the support 16/32 bit kernel, and the Windows 9x family. Windows 98 is then forwarded by Windows ME (Windows Millennium Edition).
.
1999: Windows 2000 Professional (or Windows NT5.1 built 2159)
Not only upgrading from Windows NT 4, Windows 2000 Pro is also designed to replace Windows 9x, Windows NT Workstation 4.0. Built over the code base Windows NT Workstation 4.0, which has proven handalnya, Windows 2000 Pro add increased reliability, usability, compatibilitas support of the Internet and mobile computing. In addition, Windows 2000 Pro supports a variety of hardware 'Plug and Play', including networking products and wireless (wireless), USB devices, infrared and IEEE 1394.
2000: Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Me)
Designed for home users (home computer users) to offer me a lot of music and video, home networking and increased reliability SO. There is a System Restore, Movie Maker, WAM (Windows Media Player 7, Windows Explorer, which displays the 'Thumbnail' Windows Me is SO last version of Win95-based codebase. Microsoft announced that all SO-based products will be the kernel of Windows NT and Windows 2000.
2001: Windows XP
With Windows XP (October 2001) type two SO (Bussiness and consumers) become one, with the code base of Windows 2000. "XP" short of "experience," symbolizing the innovative experiences that can be presented by Windows to PC users. With Windows XP, home users (home users) can work while enjoying music, movies, messaging and photos on the computer, while business users can work more easy and fast, accurate, owing to the stone technology: technical-support.
2001: Windows XP Professional
Windows XP Professional experience solid foundation of the property to the Windows 2000 desktop PC, which is an increase of Reliability (reliability), security (security), and performance (performance). With visual design Anyar and fresh, bringing the Windows XP Professional features: 'advanced business and home computing, including remote desktop support, encrypting file system, and system restore and advanced networking features. The increase for mobile users, including: 802.1x wireless networking support, Windows Messenger, and Remote Assistance.
2001: Windows XP Home Edition
Features often more readily accessible.: Network Setup Wizard, Windows Media Player, Windows Movie Maker, and the increase in digital photo processing.
2001: Windows XP 64-Bit Edition
Client SO 64-bit and the first from Microsoft, to satisfy the Power Users that use Intel's Itanium processor 64-bit, is designed specifically for users of workstations that use large memory and floating point, among other areas for movie special effects, 3D animation, engineering, and scientific applications.
2002: Windows XP Media Center Edition
Released for 'computing and home entertainment'. With all the benefits of Windows XP Professional, Media Center Edition offers the option digital media and entertainment, which memingkinkan home users browsing the Internet, enjoy a live TV broadcast, berkmunikasi with friends and family, enjoy a collection of digital music and digital videos, play DVDs, work from home .
Windows CE was not discussed here. Maybe only need to be said that Windows CE is SO for the handheld computer (Palm top) and PDAs.
You can upgrade from Windows 2000/XP Professional operating system:
Windows 3:11 ► Windows 98
► Windows 95 Windows NT Workstation 3:51
OS / 2 ► Windows NT 4 Workstation
Windows from the latest Windows 2000 generally consists of 4 products that can work together or separately, such as:
Windows Professional
Windows Server
Windows Advanced Server
Windows Data Center
Each product is used for the interests and circumstances.
Windows Server
Server computers generally have a more powerful processor, more memory, more cache and higher capacity hard drive of a personal computer used as a workstation. Windows Server is a software engine that is used for network servers. Windows 2000/XP Server is the successor of Windows NT Server 4 and designed to be easier to use, installed and treatment, but usually requires a more sophisticated computer and new from the server 4. You can use Windows Server for various needs ranging from small home network to network, which has hundreds of users.
Featured in the new Windows 2000 Server, including:
User account management and system that has terupgrade.
Active Directory
Internet and intranet support
Stability operations
Processing power
Internal security
Karberos authentification
Support the maximum 4 processor
Windows Advanced Server
Windows Advanced Server software that is used to perusaha an application that uses a large database and online transaction processing (for example, the airline reservation system, banks and oil companies).
Advanced Server has the expansion of Windows Server, such as:
Support the maximum 8 processor
64 GB memory address space for applications
High availability clustering (that is, two servers can join in the safe configuration file to minimize the down time)
Windows Server Data Center
Windows Data Center is the server software that provides the maximum ability for companies operating Internet and intranet in a large scale. Supporting a maximum of 32 processor.
Feature
Windows 2000 adds some new features, namely:
1. The new Active Directory
2. Image Preview
3. The new Explorer browser
4. Support for DirectX
5. Windows Media Player 6.4
6. Dynamic Plug and Play without restarting
7. Dynamic hardware drivers
Version Windows 2000 is divided into several versions, namely:
• Professional to replace Windows NT Workstation
• Server to replace Windows NT Server
• Advanced Server
• Datacenter Server.
Windows 2003 Server is the development of Windows 2000 Server.
Version that will come
• 2006 - Windows Vista with the codename "see".
• 2010 - 2012 - Windows "Blackcomb."
Windows Vista
Windows Vista (code name: Windows to see) is the new Microsoft operating system that is really new. There are some features that Microsoft is diunggulkan interface with the new name of "Avalon" and a new file system called winFS.
Microsoft launched Vista early 2006. Microsoft says that this system is a system of respite with various other interesting features. Microsoft reinforce concepts and new technology that has been prepared for the future generation of Windows on the windows "to see." When this new version of Windows is already entering the market, and before the developers of Windows in the United States have been invited to sample "demo" of the new version of the application through the demo prototype shown at the conference developer of Windows (PDC) in the USA.
This new Windows can be expected to bring a new world of computing, sophisticated and easy. Innovations in technology, a sophisticated operating system is expected to be able to see the appropriate. 3D user interface, the pixel screen is much better (beresolusi higher), and support the integration of XML web service integrated into the system, the file management system that is far more sophisticated so that we can find memanajemen files and data files on the computer or with a more rapid and precise and the model of programming with the API, which is far more complete and better.
See also promises to bring more technology-rich web in which the thin client will have a capacity of close to rich clients through new technology to see from. So the weakness in the web application user interface limitations, the process of updating / communication with the server can be handled on to see through the integration of XML, Indigo and Avalon.
To see the final version is expected to become the version of Windows that is able to provide new experiences and satisfaction to the user will be an operating system that is comprehensive both in terms of appearance, stability, security and function.
Enhancements, which promised to see, among others:
1. Aero - a new User Interface: Windows will have a 3D user interface that is far better and more interesting
2. Avalon - the new system graph: graphic new technology from Microsoft that promises to display games, video and display that much better.
3. Indigo - Support to the Web Service in a more integrated: Currently, the web service has become a "bridge" for the software from different platforms, different programming languages to communicate each other and interact. Therefore, support for the web service technology will be better integrated with the Windows Operating System to see through the Indigo communications technology that promises new functions and queing the transaction.
4. WinFS - a new file system: WinFS, a new file system is NTFS and built based database technology to make all information, data from various types of files and data in the computer we can be sought and obtained the right and easily. WinFS uses index search technology that is the actual development of the technology used Yukon, successor SQLServer 2000.
5. WinFX - the new programming model: Through. NET Framework, the development of Managed Code will continue to WinFX, so the windows can be said that the future generation will have the support of the managed code better. Currently, Microsoft is also developing the API and a new model for programming to see a more complete and easier to use for the developers so that the API is expected to utilize the various advantages and benefits offered to see such as Avalon, Indigo and WinFS.
6. Palladium - better security: Through see, Microsoft promises better security in which the development will see the importance of prioritizing and security factors.
7. ClickOnce - the installation and update software easy to see the promises that the installation of desktop applications easier, safer and updating process that can be easily arranged.
6.5. Summary
Microsoft to develop, make, license and support a variety of software products for various computer equipment. The most popular products is the Microsoft Windows operating system, which has been ubiquitous in the desktop computer market.
Some versions of the Windows operating system that is built released DOS-based file system, FAT 16, FAT 32, NTFS and WinFS.
Windows Operating System distributed commercial license with the concept "the OEM and the OPL." Operating System OEM means there is when the user buy the hardware PC, laptop computer or server. Users will receive a sticker labeled I-license that direkatkan windows on the body of the computer chassis. While the license OPL is a distribution package with the windows media CD, complete with a certificate of license products and the use of the manual. Users need to install their own OS windows purchased kekomputer.
Windows 2000 Professional is the successor of Windows NT Workstation 4 with a view such as Windows 98, while the Windows XP Professional is a combination of both. You can use Windows 2000/XP Professional as a stand-alone PC, the network small or large scale in the network. The new desktop involved a more simple, Internet Explorer 5 / 6, more stringent levels of security, hardware support Plug-and-Play and the use of a simple wizard.
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